As per the options you choose during the SQL Server installation, it will install below services on server.

SQL Server Database Services – The service is used for SQL Server relational Database Engine.

SQL Server Agent – is used for scheduling. It executes jobs, monitors SQL Server, send alerts, and enables automation of some of the administrative tasks.

Analysis Services - Provides online analytical processing (OLAP) and data mining functionality for business intelligence applications.

Reporting Services - Manages, executes, creates, schedules, and delivers reports.

Integration Services -is used for SSIS package. It provides management support for Integration Services package storage and execution.

SQL Server Browser - The name resolution service that provides SQL Server connection information for client computers. It is used for named instance only.

Full-text search - Provided full text index and searching facility for BLOB columns.

SQL Server Active Directory Helper - Publishes and manages SQL Server services in Active Directory.

SQL Writer - Allows backup and restore applications to operate in the Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) framework.